Template:Infobox sulfur

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[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]

Sulfur, 16S
Sulfur-sample.jpg
Sulfur
Alternative namesulphur (British spelling)
Appearancelemon yellow sintered microcrystals
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(S)[[[:Template:Val]], Template:Val] conventional: Template:Val
Sulfur in the periodic table
Template:Periodic table (32 columns, micro) O

S

Se
phosphorussulfurchlorine
Atomic number (Z)16
Groupgroup 16 (chalcogens)
Periodperiod 3
Block  p-block
Electron configuration[Ne] 3s2 3p4
Electrons per shell2, 8, 6
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point388.36 K ​(115.21 °C, ​239.38 °F)
Boiling point717.8 K ​(444.6 °C, ​832.3 °F)
Density (near r.t.)alpha: 2.07 g/cm3
beta: 1.96 g/cm3
gamma: 1.92 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)1.819 g/cm3
Critical point1314 K, 20.7 MPa
Heat of fusionmono: 1.727 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporizationmono: 45 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity22.75 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 375 408 449 508 591 717
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (a strongly acidic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.58
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 999.6 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 2252 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3357 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Covalent radius105±3 pm
Van der Waals radius180 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of sulfur
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structureorthorhombic
Orthorhombic crystal structure for sulfur
Thermal conductivity0.205 W/(m·K) (amorphous)
Electrical resistivity2×1015  Ω·m (at 20 °C) (amorphous)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[1]
Magnetic susceptibility(α) −15.5·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[2]
Bulk modulus7.7 GPa
Mohs hardness2.0
CAS Number7704-34-9
History
DiscoveryChinese[3] (before 2000 BCE)
Recognized as an element byAntoine Lavoisier (1777)
Main isotopes of sulfur
[[Isotope|IsoTemplate:Shytope]] [[Natural abundance|AbunTemplate:Shydance]] Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode [[Decay product|ProTemplate:Shyduct]]
32S 94.99% stable
33S 0.75% stable
34S 4.25% stable
35S trace 87.37 d β 35Cl
36S 0.01% stable
Category Category: Sulfur
| references

[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]

data m.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 115.21
K 388.36 388.36 0
F 239.38 239.38 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 2
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 115.21, K: 388.36, F: 239.38
comment
data b.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 444.6
K 717.8 717.8 0
F 832.3 832.3 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 1
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 444.6, K: 717.8, F: 832.3
comment
P ←

i'box P

iso
16
S (E)
→ Cl

i'box Cl

  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03)
See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}

References

  1. Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  2. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
  3. "Sulfur History". Georgiagulfsulfur.com. Retrieved 2008-09-12.

One of these is a named reference. It may be cited in the containing article as

  • <ref name="magnet" /> for the source edited by Lide.

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