Template:Infobox praseodymium

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[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]

Praseodymium, 59Pr
Praseodymium.jpg
Praseodymium
Pronunciation/ˌprzəˈdɪmiəm/[1] (Template:Respell)
Appearancegrayish white
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Pr)Template:Val[2]
Praseodymium in the periodic table
Template:Periodic table (32 columns, micro)

Pr

Pa
ceriumpraseodymiumneodymium
Atomic number (Z)59
Groupgroup n/a
Periodperiod 6
Block  f-block
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f3 6s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 21, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point1208 K ​(935 °C, ​1715 °F)
Boiling point3403 K ​(3130 °C, ​5666 °F)
Density (near r.t.)6.77 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)6.50 g/cm3
Heat of fusion6.89 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization331 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity27.20 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1771 1973 (2227) (2571) (3054) (3779)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states0,[3] +1,[4] +2, +3, +4, +5 (a mildly basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.13
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 527 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1020 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2086 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 182 pm
Covalent radius203±7 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of praseodymium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structuredouble hexagonal close-packed (dhcp)
Double hexagonal close packed crystal structure for praseodymium
Speed of sound thin rod2280 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansionα, poly: 6.7 µm/(m·K) (at r.t.)
Thermal conductivity12.5 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivityα, poly: 0.700 µΩ·m (at r.t.)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[5]
Magnetic susceptibility+5010.0·10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)[6]
Young's modulusα form: 37.3 GPa
Shear modulusα form: 14.8 GPa
Bulk modulusα form: 28.8 GPa
Poisson ratioα form: 0.281
Vickers hardness250–745 MPa
Brinell hardness250–640 MPa
CAS Number7440-10-0
History
DiscoveryCarl Auer von Welsbach (1885)
Main isotopes of praseodymium
[[Isotope|IsoTemplate:Shytope]] [[Natural abundance|AbunTemplate:Shydance]] Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode [[Decay product|ProTemplate:Shyduct]]
141Pr 100% stable
142Pr syn 19.12 h β 142Nd
ε 142Ce
143Pr syn 13.57 d β 143Nd
Category Category: Praseodymium
| references

[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]

data m.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 935
K 1208 1208 0
F 1715 1715 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 935, K: 1208, F: 1715
comment
data b.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 3130
K 3403 3400 3 delta
F 5666 5670 -4 delta Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 3130, K: 3403, F: 5666
comment
Ce ←

i'box Ce

iso
59
Pr (E)
→ Nd

i'box Nd

  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03)
See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}

References

  1. Template:OED
  2. Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  3. Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.
  4. Chen, Xin; et al. (2019-12-13). "Lanthanides with Unusually Low Oxidation States in the PrB3– and PrB4– Boride Clusters". Inorganic Chemistry. 58 (1): 411–418. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02572. PMID 30543295.
  5. Jackson, M. (2000). "Magnetism of Rare Earth" (PDF). The IRM quarterly. 10 (3): 1.
  6. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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