Template:Infobox cerium

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[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]

Cerium, 58Ce
Cerium2.jpg
Cerium
Pronunciation/ˈsɪəriəm/ (Template:Respell)
Appearancesilvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Ce)Template:Val[1]
Cerium in the periodic table
Template:Periodic table (32 columns, micro)

Ce

Th
lanthanumceriumpraseodymium
Atomic number (Z)58
Groupgroup n/a
Periodperiod 6
Block  f-block
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2[2]
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point1068 K ​(795 °C, ​1463 °F)
Boiling point3716 K ​(3443 °C, ​6229 °F)
Density (near r.t.)6.770 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)6.55 g/cm3
Heat of fusion5.46 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization398 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity26.94 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1992 2194 2442 2754 3159 3705
Atomic properties
Oxidation states+1, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.12
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 534.4 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1050 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 1949 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 181.8 pm
Covalent radius204±9 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of cerium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structuredouble hexagonal close-packed (dhcp)
Double hexagonal close packed crystal structure for cerium

β-Ce
Crystal structureface-centered cubic (fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for cerium

γ-Ce
Speed of sound thin rod2100 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansionγ, poly: 6.3 µm/(m·K) (at r.t.)
Thermal conductivity11.3 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivityβ, poly: 828 nΩ·m (at r.t.)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[3]
Magnetic susceptibility(β) +2450.0·10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)[4]
Young's modulusγ form: 33.6 GPa
Shear modulusγ form: 13.5 GPa
Bulk modulusγ form: 21.5 GPa
Poisson ratioγ form: 0.24
Mohs hardness2.5
Vickers hardness210–470 MPa
Brinell hardness186–412 MPa
CAS Number7440-45-1
History
Namingafter dwarf planet Ceres, itself named after Roman deity of agriculture Ceres
DiscoveryMartin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger (1803)
First isolationCarl Gustaf Mosander (1838)
Main isotopes of cerium
[[Isotope|IsoTemplate:Shytope]] [[Natural abundance|AbunTemplate:Shydance]] Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode [[Decay product|ProTemplate:Shyduct]]
134Ce syn 3.16 d ε 134La
136Ce 0.186% stable
138Ce 0.251% stable
139Ce syn 137.640 d ε 139La
140Ce 88.449% stable
141Ce syn 32.501 d β 141Pr
142Ce 11.114% stable
143Ce syn 33.039 h β 143Pr
144Ce syn 284.893 d β 144Pr
Category Category: Cerium
| references

[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]

data m.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 795
K 1068 1068 0
F 1463 1463 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
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input C: 795, K: 1068, F: 1463
comment
data b.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 3443
K 3716 3716 0
F 6229 6229 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 3443, K: 3716, F: 6229
comment
La ←

i'box La

iso
58
Ce (E)
→ Pr

i'box Pr

  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03)
See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}

References

  1. Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  2. Ground levels and ionization energies for the neutral atoms, NIST
  3. Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  4. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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