Template:LGBT rights table Africa
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Contents
Northern Africa
LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB people allowed to serve openly in military | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Algeria | Illegal since 1966 Up to 3 years imprisonment with fines up to 10,000 dinars,[1] torture,[2] beatings,[3] or vigilante execution |
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Canary Islands (Autonomous community of Spain) |
Legal since 1979 + UN decl. sign.[4] |
De facto unions legal since 2003[5] | Legal since 2005[6] | Legal since 2005[7][8] | Spain responsible for defence | Bans all anti-gay discrimination[9] | Since 2007, all documents can be amended to the recognised gender[10] |
Ceuta (Autonomous city of Spain) |
Legal since 1979 + UN decl. sign.[4] |
De facto union since 1998[11] | Legal since 2005[6] | Legal since 2005[7] | Spain responsible for defence | Bans all anti-gay discrimination | Since 2007, all documents can be amended to the recognised gender[10] |
Egypt | Male de jure legal, but de facto illegal since 2000 Penalty: Up to 17 years imprisonment with or without hard labour and with or without fines under broadly-written morality laws.[4][12] |
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Libya | De facto: illegal: Islamic Sharia Law is applied De jure: Not specifically outlawed |
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Madeira (Autonomous region of Portugal) |
Legal since 1983 + UN decl. sign.[4] |
De facto union since 2001[15][16] | Legal since 2010[17] | Legal since 2016[18][19][20] | Portugal responsible for defence | Bans all anti-gay discrimination.[9] | Since 2011, all documents can be amended to the recognised gender[21] |
Melilla (Autonomous city of Spain) |
Legal since 1979 + UN decl. sign.[4] |
De facto union since 2008[22] | Legal since 2005[6] | Legal since 2005[7] | Spain responsible for defence | Bans all anti-gay discrimination[23] | Since 2007, all documents can be amended to the recognised gender[10] |
Morocco (including Southern Provinces) |
Illegal since 1962 Penalty: Up to 3 years imprisonment and fines.[4][24]Legalization proposed |
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Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (Disputed territory; excluding Southern Provinces) |
Illegal since 1944 (as part of the Overseas Province of Spanish Sahara) Penalty: Up to 3 years imprisonment.[4][25][26] |
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South Sudan | Illegal since 1899 (as Anglo-Egyptian Sudan) Penalty: Up to 10 years imprisonment.[4][27] |
Constitutional ban since 2011[citation needed] | |||||
Sudan | Illegal since 1899 (as Anglo-Egyptian Sudan) Penalty: Life imprisonment for a third offense of anal sex.[28][29] |
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Tunisia | Illegal since 1913 (as the French protectorate of Tunisia) Penalty: 3 years imprisonment.[4][30] Legalization proposed[31] |
Western Africa
LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB people allowed to serve openly in military | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Benin | Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country);[4][32] Age of consent discrepancy[4] |
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Burkina Faso | Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4] | Constitutional ban since 1991 | |||||
Cape Verde | Legal since 2004 + UN decl. sign.[4] |
Bans some anti-gay discrimination[4] | |||||
Gambia | Illegal since 1888 (as the Gambia Colony and Protectorate) Penalty: Up to Iife imprisonment.[4][33][27] |
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Ghana | Male illegal since 1860s (as the Gold Coast) Penalty: Up to 3 years imprisonment. Female always legal[4][34][27] |
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Guinea | Illegal since 1988 Penalty: 6 months to 10 years imprisonment.[35] |
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Guinea-Bissau | Legal since 1993[4] + UN decl. sign. |
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Ivory Coast | Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country); Age of consent discrepancy[4] |
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Liberia | Illegal since 1976 Penalty: 1 year imprisonment.[4][36] |
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Mali | Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4] | ||||||
Mauritania | Illegal: Islamic Sharia Law is applied Penalty: Capital punishment for men, (not enforced); prison and a fine for women.[4][37] |
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Niger | Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country); Age of consent discrepancy[4] |
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Nigeria | Illegal under federal law since 1901 (as the Northern Nigeria Protectorate and the Southern Nigeria Protectorate) Penalty: Up to 14 years imprisonment. Death in the states of Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Niger, Sokoto, Yobe, and Zamfara.[4][38][27] |
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Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom) |
Legal since 2001 + UN decl. sign.[4] |
Legal since 2017 | Legal since 2017[39][40] | Legal since 2017 | UK responsible for defence | Bans all anti-gay discrimination | |
Senegal | Illegal since 1966 Penalty: 1 to 5 years imprisonment.[4][41] |
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Sierra Leone | Male illegal since 1861 (as the Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate) Penalty: Up to life imprisonment (Not enforced). Female always legal + UN decl. sign.[4] |
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Togo | Illegal since 1884 (as Togoland) Penalty: Fine and 3 years imprisonment.[4][27] |
Central Africa
LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB people allowed to serve openly in military | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cameroon | Illegal since 1972 Penalty: Fines to 5 years imprisonment.[4][27] or vigilante execution and torture[42] |
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Central African Republic | Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4] | Constitutional ban since 2016[43] | |||||
Chad | Illegal since 2017 Penalty: Up to 3 years imprisonment with fines. |
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Democratic Republic of the Congo | Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4] | Constitutional ban since 2005 | |||||
Republic of the Congo | Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country); Age of consent discrepancy[4] |
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Equatorial Guinea | Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4] | ||||||
Gabon | Legal since 2020[44] + UN decl. sign. |
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São Tomé and Príncipe | Legal since 2012 + UN decl. sign.[4] |
Southeast Africa
LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB people allowed to serve openly in military | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Burundi | Illegal since 2009 Penalty: fine, and 3 months to 2 years imprisonment.[4][45] |
Constitutional ban since 2005 | |||||
Kenya | Illegal since 1897 (as the East Africa Protectorate) Penalty: up to 14 years imprisonment.[4][27] |
Constitutional ban since 2010[46] | |||||
Rwanda | Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4] + UN decl. sign. |
Constitutional ban since 2003 | |||||
Tanzania | Illegal since 1864 (only Zanzibar) Illegal since 1899 Penalty: Up to life imprisonment.[4][27] Vigilante executions, beatings and torture[47][48] are also tolerated. |
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Uganda | Male illegal since 1894 Female illegal since 2000 Penalty: Life imprisonment. Beatings, torture, or vigilante execution are also common.[49] |
Constitutional ban since 2005 |
Horn of Africa
LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB people allowed to serve openly in military | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Djibouti | Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4] | ||||||
Eritrea | Illegal Penalty: Up to 3 years imprisonment.[4][50] or death[51] Beatings and torture are also tolerated.[52] |
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Ethiopia | Illegal Penalty: Up to 15 years.[4] |
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Somalia | Illegal. Penalty: Up to 3 years prison. Illegal. Penalty: Up to death in Jubaland.[citation needed] |
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Somaliland (Disputed territory) |
Illegal since 1941 (as British Somaliland) Penalty: Up to 3 years prison, sometimes death sentences.[53] |
Indian Ocean states
LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB people allowed to serve openly in military | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Comoros | Illegal Penalty: 5 years imprisonment and fines.[4][54] |
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French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Overseas territory of France) |
Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the territory)[4] |
Civil solidarity pact since 1999 | Legal since 2013 | Legal since 2013 | France responsible for defence | Bans all anti-gay discrimination | Under French law |
Madagascar | Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country); Age of consent discrepancy[4] |
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Mauritius | Male illegal Penalty: Up to 5 years imprisonment. Female always legal[55] + UN decl. sign.[4][56] |
Bans all anti-gay discrimination[57][58] | |||||
Mayotte (Overseas region of France) |
Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the region)[4] |
Civil solidarity pact since 1999 | Legal since 2013 | Legal since 2013 | France responsible for defence | Bans all anti-gay discrimination | Under French law |
Réunion (Overseas region of France) |
Legal since 1791[4] | Civil solidarity pact since 1999 | Legal since 2013 | Legal since 2013 | France responsible for defence | Bans all anti-gay discrimination | Under French law |
Seychelles | Legal since 2016[59] + UN decl. sign. |
Bans some anti-gay discrimination[4] |
Southern Africa
LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB people allowed to serve openly in military | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Angola | Legal since 2021 [60] | Bans all anti-gay discrimination[61] | May possibly change gender under the Código do Registro Civil 2015[62] | ||||
Botswana | Legal since 2019 [63] | Bans some anti-gay discrimination | Legal gender change recognized as a constitutional right since 2017[64] | ||||
Eswatini | Male illegal since the 1880s Female always legal[4][27] |
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Lesotho | Male legal since 2012 Female always legal[4] |
May possibly change gender under the National Identity Cards Act 9 of 2011[65] | |||||
Malawi | Illegal since 1891 (as British Central Africa Protectorate)[66] Penalty: Up to 14 years imprisonment, with or without corporal punishment for men up to 5 years imprisonment for women (rarely enforced; suspending moratorium legality disputed)[4][67][27] |
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Mozambique | Legal since 2015[68][69] | Bans some anti-gay discrimination[4][57] | |||||
Namibia | Male illegal since 1920 (not enforced; repeal proposed)[27][70] Female always legal[4][71][72] |
Under the Births, Marriages and Deaths Registration Act 81 of 1963[73] | |||||
South Africa | Male legal since 1998 Female always legal + UN decl. sign.[4] |
Limited recognition of unregistered partnerships since 1998; same-sex marriage since 2006 | Legal since 2006 | Legal since 2002 | Since 1998 | Constitution bans all anti-gay discrimination | Anti-discrimination laws are interpreted to include gender identity; legal gender may be changed after surgical or medical treatment |
Zambia | Illegal since 1911 (as part of the British South Africa Company rule of Rhodesia) Penalty: up to 14 years imprisonment.[4][27] |
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Zimbabwe | Male illegal since 1891 (as part of the British South Africa Company rule of Rhodesia) Female legal[4][27] |
Constitutional ban since 2013[74] |
References
- ↑ Carroll, Aengus; Mendos, Lucas Ramón (May 2017). "State Sponsored Homophobia 2017: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition" (PDF). ILGA.
- ↑ "Algeria". Human Dignity Trust. Retrieved 2020-01-04.
- ↑ "Algeria: Treatment of homosexuals by society and government authorities; protection available including recourse to the law for homosexuals who have been subject to ill-treatment (2005-2007)". Refworld. Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. 30 July 2007. Retrieved 2020-01-04.
- ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30 4.31 4.32 4.33 4.34 4.35 4.36 4.37 4.38 4.39 4.40 4.41 4.42 4.43 4.44 4.45 4.46 4.47 4.48 4.49 4.50 4.51 4.52 4.53 4.54 "State Sponsored Homophobia 2016: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition" (PDF). International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. 17 May 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
- ↑ Galán, José Ignacio Pichardo. "Same-sex couples in Spain. Historical, contextual and symbolic factors" (PDF). Institut national d'études démographiques. Retrieved December 30, 2012.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "Spain approves liberal gay marriage law". St. Petersburg Times. 2005-07-01. Archived from the original on 28 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-01-08.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Spain Intercountry Adoption Information". U. S. Department of State — Bureau of Consular Affairs. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "Ley 14/2006, de 26 de mayo, sobre técnicas de reproducción humana asistida". Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). 2006-05-27. Retrieved 2020-01-07.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Rainbow Europe: legal situation for lesbian, gay and bisexual people in Europe" (PDF). ILGA-Europe. May 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2014.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Ley 3/2007, de 15 de marzo, reguladora de la rectificación registral de la mención relativa al sexo de las personas". Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). 16 March 2007.
- ↑ "Reglamento regulador del Registro de Uniones de Hecho, de 11 de septiembre de 1998". Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta (in Spanish). 11 September 1998.
- ↑ "Egypt (Law)". ILGA. Archived from the original on 11 July 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "Libyan 'Gay' Men Face Torture, Death By Militia: Report (GRAPHIC)". HuffPost. 26 November 2012.
- ↑ Fhelboom, Reda (2015-06-22). "Less than human". Development and Cooperation.
- ↑ "Lei n.ᵒ 7/2001" (PDF). Diário da República Eletrónico (in Portuguese). 11 May 2001. Article 1, no. 1.
- ↑ "AR altera lei das uniões de facto".
- ↑ Law no. 9/2010, from 30th May.
- ↑ "Lei 17/2016 de 20 de junho".
- ↑ "Lei que alarga a procriação medicamente assistida publicada em Diário da República". tvi24. June 20, 2016.
- ↑ "Todas as mulheres com acesso à PMA a 1 de Agosto". PÚBLICO.
- ↑ "MEPs welcome new gender change law in Portugal; concerned about Lithuania - The European Parliament Intergroup on LGBTI Rights". www.lgbt-ep.eu.
- ↑ "REGLAMENTO REGULADOR DEL REGISTRO DE PAREJAS DE HECHO DE LA CIUDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MELILLA" [REGULATORY REGULATION OF THE REGISTER OF COUPLES IN FACT OF THE CIUDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MELILLA] (PDF) (in Spanish). 2008-02-01. Retrieved 2019-05-23.
- ↑ "ILGA-Europe". ilga-europe.org.
- ↑ "Morocco (Law)". ilga.org. ILGA. Archived from the original on 24 July 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ Encyclopedia of Lesbian and Gay Histories and Cultures: An Encyclopedia. Gay histories and cultures. Vol. 2. Taylor & Francis. 8 November 2017. ISBN 9780815333548 – via Google Books.
- ↑ "La junta de protección a la infancia de Barcelona: Aproximación histórica y guía de su archivo" (PDF). Retrieved 20 January 2011.
- ↑ 27.00 27.01 27.02 27.03 27.04 27.05 27.06 27.07 27.08 27.09 27.10 27.11 27.12 "Where is it illegal to be gay? - BBC News". Bbc.com. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
- ↑ "Sudan drops death penalty for homosexuality". 76crimes.com. 15 July 2020.
- ↑ "Reforms In Sudan Result In Removal Of Death Penalty And Flogging For Same-Sex Relations". curvemag.com. 16 July 2020.
- ↑ "Tunisia (Law)". ilga.org. ILGA. Archived from the original on 4 July 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "Tunisian presidential committee recommends decriminalizing homosexuality". NBC News. Retrieved 2018-06-19.
- ↑ "Benin (Law)". ilga.org. ILGA. Archived from the original on 3 July 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "The Gambia passes bill imposing life sentences for some homosexual acts | World news". The Guardian. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
- ↑ "Ghana (Law)". ilga.org. ILGA. Archived from the original on 3 July 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "Sexual Minorities: Their Treatment Across the World". Xpats.io. 11 January 2010.
- ↑ "LGBT Rights in Liberia - Equaldex". www.equaldex.com.
- ↑ "LGBT Rights in Mauritania - Equaldex". www.equaldex.com.
- ↑ "Nigeria (Law)". ilga.org. ILGA. Archived from the original on 3 July 2014. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "Marriage (Ascension) Ordinance, 2016" (PDF).
- ↑ Jackman, Josh (20 December 2017). "This tiny island just passed same-sex marriage". PinkNews.
- ↑ "LGBT Rights in Senegal". Equaldex.
- ↑ "Cameroonian LGBTI activist found tortured to death in home". glaad.org. 17 July 2013.
- ↑ "Décret n° 160218 du 30 mars 2016 portant promulgation de la Constitution de la République centrafricaine" (PDF). ilo.org.
- ↑ "Gabon lawmakers vote to decriminalise homosexuality". Reuters. Reuters. 24 June 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
- ↑ "Everything you need to know about human rights. | Amnesty International". Amnesty.org. 2015-09-25. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
- ↑ "Laws of Kenya ; The Constitution of Kenya" (PDF). Kenyaembassy.com. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
- ↑ "2013 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT" (PDF). Country Reports on Human Rights Practices. 2013. p. 33.
- ↑ "Tanzania: Mixed Messages on Anti-Gay Persecution". hrw.org. 6 November 2018.
- ↑ Gettleman, Jeffrey (8 November 2017). "David Kato, Gay Rights Activist, Is Killed in Uganda" – via www.nytimes.com.
- ↑ "LGBT Rights in Eritrea - Equaldex". www.equaldex.com.
- ↑ Asokan, Ishan (16 November 2012). "A bludgeoned horn: Eritrea's abuses and 'guilt by association' policy.'". Consultancy Africa Intelligence. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
- ↑ 2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2010/af/154345.html
- ↑ "'Don't come back, they'll kill you for being gay'". BBC NEWS. 2020.
- ↑ "LGBT Rights in Comoros - Equaldex". www.equaldex.com.
- ↑ "The Sexual Offences Bill" (PDF). mauritiusassembly.govmu.org. Government of Mauritius. 6 April 2007. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "LGBT Rights in Mauritius - Equaldex". www.equaldex.com.
- ↑ 57.0 57.1 "Africa: Outspoken activists defend continent's sexual diversity - Norwegian Council for Africa". Afrika.no. 2009-08-06. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
- ↑ "Equal Opportunities Act 2008" (PDF). Ilo.org. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
- ↑ "Tiny African victory: Seychelles repeals ban on gay sex". 18 May 2016.
- ↑ "Diario da Republica" (PDF) (in Portuguese).
- ↑ "Employment & labour law in Angola". Lexology. 15 September 2015.
- ↑ "Transgender Rights in Angola" (PDF).
- ↑ CNN, Kara Fox. "Botswana scraps gay sex laws in big victory for LGBTQ rights in Africa". CNN.
- ↑ "NEWS RELEASE: BOTSWANA HIGH COURT RULES IN LANDMARK GENDER IDENTITY CASE – SALC".
- ↑ "Transgender Rights in Lesotho" (PDF).
- ↑ "Where is it illegal to be gay?". 10 February 2014 – via www.bbc.com.
- ↑ "Malawi suspends anti-gay laws as MPs debate repeal | World news". The Guardian. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
- ↑ "Mozambique Gay Rights Group Wants Explicit Constitutional Protections | Care2 Causes". Care2.com. 2011-03-03. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
- ↑ "Homosexuality Decriminalised in Mozambique". Kuchu Times. 2015-06-01. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
- ↑ Marketing, Intouch Interactive. "Sodomy law's days numbered - Geingos - Local News - Namibian Sun". www.namibiansun.com.
- ↑ "Namibia". State.gov. 2002-03-04. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
- ↑ "Namibia". Lgbtnet.dk. Retrieved 2015-09-29.
- ↑ "Transgender Rights in Namibia" (PDF).
- ↑ http://www.veritaszim.net/sites/veritas_d/files/Constitution%20of%20Zimbabwe%20Amendment%20%28No.%2020%29.pdf