Template:Infobox zinc/sandbox

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[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]

Zinc, 30Zn
Zinc fragment sublimed and 1cm3 cube.jpg
Zinc
Appearancesilver-gray
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Zn)Template:Val[1]
Zinc in the periodic table
Template:Periodic table (32 columns, micro) -

Zn

Cd
copperzincgallium
Atomic number (Z)30
Groupgroup 12
Periodperiod 4
Block  d-block
Element categories, alternatively considered a post-transition metal
Electron configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point692.68 K ​(419.53 °C, ​787.15 °F)
Boiling point1180 K ​(907 °C, ​1665 °F)
Density (near r.t.)7.14 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)6.57 g/cm3
Heat of fusion7.32 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization115 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.470 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 610 670 750 852 990 1179
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−2, 0, +1, +2 (an amphoteric oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.65
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 906.4 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1733.3 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3833 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 134 pm
Covalent radius122±4 pm
Van der Waals radius139 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of zinc
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structurehexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for zinc
Speed of sound thin rod3850 m/s (at r.t.) (rolled)
Thermal expansion30.2 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity116 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity59.0 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic
Young's modulus108 GPa
Shear modulus43 GPa
Bulk modulus70 GPa
Poisson ratio0.25
Mohs hardness2.5
Brinell hardness412 MPa
CAS Number7440-66-6
History
DiscoveryIndian metallurgists (before 1000 BC)
First isolationAndreas Sigismund Marggraf (1746)
Recognized as an unique metal byRasaratna Samuccaya (800)
Main isotopes of zinc
[[Isotope|IsoTemplate:Shytope]] [[Natural abundance|AbunTemplate:Shydance]] Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode [[Decay product|ProTemplate:Shyduct]]
64Zn 48.6% >2.3×1018 y (β+β+) 64Ni
65Zn syn 243.8 d ε 65Cu
γ -
66Zn 27.9% stable
67Zn 4.1% stable
68Zn 18.8% stable
69Zn syn 56 min β 69Ga
69mZn syn 13.76 h β 69Ga
70Zn 0.6% >1.3×1016 y (ββ) 70Ge
71Zn syn 2.4 min β 71Ga
71mZn syn 3.97 d β 71Ga
72Zn syn 46.5 h β 72Ga
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed
Category Category: Zinc
| references

References

  1. Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.

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