Template:Infobox tungsten

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[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]

Tungsten, 74W
Wolfram evaporated crystals and 1cm3 cube.jpg
Tungsten
Pronunciation/ˈtʌŋstən/ (Template:Respell)
Alternative namewolfram, pronounced: /ˈwʊlfrəm/ (Template:Respell)
Appearancegrayish white, lustrous
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(W)Template:Val[1]
Tungsten in the periodic table
Template:Periodic table (32 columns, micro) Mo

W

Sg
tantalumtungstenrhenium
Atomic number (Z)74
Groupgroup 6
Periodperiod 6
Block  d-block
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2[2]
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point3695 K ​(3422 °C, ​6192 °F)
Boiling point6203 K ​(5930 °C, ​10706 °F)
Density (near r.t.)19.3 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)17.6 g/cm3
Heat of fusion52.31 kJ/mol[3][4]
Heat of vaporization774 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity24.27 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 3477 3773 4137 4579 5127 5823
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (a mildly acidic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.36
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 770 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1700 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 139 pm
Covalent radius162±7 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of tungsten
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structurebody-centered cubic (bcc)
Body-centered cubic crystal structure for tungsten
Speed of sound thin rod4620 m/s (at r.t.) (annealed)
Thermal expansion4.5 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity173 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity52.8 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[5]
Magnetic susceptibility+59.0·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[6]
Young's modulus411 GPa
Shear modulus161 GPa
Bulk modulus310 GPa
Poisson ratio0.28
Mohs hardness7.5
Vickers hardness3430–4600 MPa
Brinell hardness2000–4000 MPa
CAS Number7440-33-7
History
Discovery and first isolationJuan José Elhuyar and Fausto Elhuyar[7] (1783)
Named byTorbern Bergman (1781)
Main isotopes of tungsten
[[Isotope|IsoTemplate:Shytope]] [[Natural abundance|AbunTemplate:Shydance]] Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode [[Decay product|ProTemplate:Shyduct]]
180W 0.12% 1.8×1018 y α 176Hf
181W syn 121.2 d ε 181Ta
182W 26.50% stable
183W 14.31% stable
184W 30.64% stable
185W syn 75.1 d β 185Re
186W 28.43% stable
Category Category: Tungsten
| references

[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]

data m.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 3422
K 3695 3695 0
F 6192 6192 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 3422, K: 3695, F: 6192
comment
data b.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 5930
K 6203 6200 3 delta
F 10706 10710 -4 delta Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 5930, K: 6203, F: 10706
comment
Ta ←

i'box Ta

iso
74
W (E)
→ Re

i'box Re

  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03)
See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}

References

  1. Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  2. Berger, Dan. "Why does Tungsten not 'Kick' up an electron from the s sublevel ?". Bluffton College, USA.
  3. Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 6-134. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.
  4. Tolias P. (2017). "Analytical expressions for thermophysical properties of solid and liquid tungsten relevant for fusion applications". Nuclear Materials and Energy. 13: 42–57. arXiv:1703.06302. Bibcode:2017arXiv170306302T. doi:10.1016/j.nme.2017.08.002.
  5. Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds" (PDF). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0486-6.
  6. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. p. E110. ISBN 978-0-8493-0464-4.
  7. "Tungsten". Royal Society of Chemistry. Royal Society of Chemistry. Retrieved May 2, 2020.

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