Template:Infobox selenium

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[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]

Selenium, 34Se
SeBlackRed.jpg
Selenium
Pronunciation/sɪˈlniəm/ (Template:Respell)
Appearancegrey metallic-looking, red, and vitreous black (not pictured) allotropes
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Se)Template:Val[1]
Selenium in the periodic table
Template:Periodic table (32 columns, micro) S

Se

Te
arsenicseleniumbromine
Atomic number (Z)34
Groupgroup 16 (chalcogens)
Periodperiod 4
Block  p-block
Electron configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 6
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point494 K ​(221 °C, ​430 °F)
Boiling point958 K ​(685 °C, ​1265 °F)
Density (near r.t.)gray: 4.81 g/cm3
alpha: 4.39 g/cm3
vitreous: 4.28 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)3.99 g/cm3
Critical point1766 K, 27.2 MPa
Heat of fusiongray: 6.69 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization95.48 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.363 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 500 552 617 704 813 958
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−2, −1, +1,[2] +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (a strongly acidic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.55
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 941.0 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 2045 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2973.7 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 120 pm
Covalent radius120±4 pm
Van der Waals radius190 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of selenium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structurehexagonal
Hexagonal crystal structure for selenium
Speed of sound thin rod3350 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansionamorphous: 37 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivityamorphous: 0.519 W/(m·K)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[3]
Magnetic susceptibility−25.0·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[4]
Young's modulus10 GPa
Shear modulus3.7 GPa
Bulk modulus8.3 GPa
Poisson ratio0.33
Mohs hardness2.0
Brinell hardness736 MPa
CAS Number7782-49-2
History
Namingafter Selene, Greek goddess of the moon
Discovery and first isolationJöns Jakob Berzelius and Johann Gottlieb Gahn (1817)
Main isotopes of selenium
[[Isotope|IsoTemplate:Shytope]] [[Natural abundance|AbunTemplate:Shydance]] Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode [[Decay product|ProTemplate:Shyduct]]
72Se syn 8.4 d ε 72As
γ
74Se 0.86% stable
75Se syn 119.8 d ε 75As
γ
76Se 9.23% stable
77Se 7.60% stable
78Se 23.69% stable
79Se trace 3.27×105 y β 79Br
80Se 49.80% stable
82Se 8.82% 1.08×1020 y ββ 82Kr
Category Category: Selenium
| references

[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]

data m.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 221
K 494 494 0
F 430 430 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
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input C: 221, K: 494, F: 430
comment
data b.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 685
K 958 958 0
F 1265 1265 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 685, K: 958, F: 1265
comment
As ←

i'box As

iso
34
Se (E)
→ Br

i'box Br

  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03)
See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}

References

  1. Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  2. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
  3. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Template:RubberBible86th
  4. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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