Template:Infobox plutonium/sandbox

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[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]

Plutonium, 94Pu
Two shiny pellets of plutonium of about 3 cm in diameter
Plutonium
Pronunciation/plˈtniəm/ (Template:Respell)
Appearancesilvery white, tarnishing to dark gray in air
Mass number[244]
Plutonium in the periodic table
Template:Periodic table (32 columns, micro) Sm

Pu

(Uqh)
neptuniumplutoniumamericium
Atomic number (Z)94
Groupn/a
Periodperiod 7
Block  f-block
Electron configuration[Rn] 5f6 7s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point912.5 K ​(639.4 °C, ​1182.9 °F)
Boiling point3505 K ​(3228 °C, ​5842 °F)
Density (near r.t.)19.816 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)16.63 g/cm3
Heat of fusion2.82 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization333.5 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity35.5 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1756 1953 2198 2511 2926 3499
Atomic properties
Oxidation states+2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7, +8 (an amphoteric oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.28
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 584.7 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 159 pm
Covalent radius187±1 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of plutonium
Other properties
Natural occurrencefrom decay
Crystal structuremonoclinic
Monoclinic crystal structure for plutonium
Speed of sound2260 m/s
Thermal expansion46.7 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity6.74 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity1.460 µΩ·m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[1]
Young's modulus96 GPa
Shear modulus43 GPa
Poisson ratio0.21
CAS Number7440-07-5
History
Namingafter dwarf planet Pluto, itself named after classical god of the underworld Pluto
DiscoveryGlenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan (1940–1)
Main isotopes of plutonium
[[Isotope|IsoTemplate:Shytope]] [[Natural abundance|AbunTemplate:Shydance]] Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode [[Decay product|ProTemplate:Shyduct]]
238Pu trace 87.74 y SF  —
α 234U
239Pu 100% 2.41 × 104 y SF  —
α 235U
240Pu trace 6.5 × 103 y SF  —
α 236U
241Pu syn 14 y β 241Am
SF  —
242Pu trace 3.73 × 105 y SF  —
α 238U
244Pu trace 8.08 × 107 y α 240U
SF  —
Category Category: Plutonium
| references

References

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