Template:Infobox californium

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[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]

Californium, 98Cf
A very small disc of silvery metal, magnified to show its metallic texture
Californium
Pronunciation/ˌkælɪˈfɔːrniəm/ (Template:Respell)
Appearancesilvery
Mass number[251]
Californium in the periodic table
Template:Periodic table (32 columns, micro) Dy

Cf

(Upb)
berkeliumcaliforniumeinsteinium
Atomic number (Z)98
Groupgroup n/a
Periodperiod 7
Block  f-block
Electron configuration[Rn] 5f10 7s2[1]
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point1173 K ​(900 °C, ​1652 °F)[2]
Boiling point1743 K ​(1470 °C, ​2678 °F) (estimation)[3]
Density (near r.t.)15.1 g/cm3[2]
Atomic properties
Oxidation states+2, +3, +4, +5[4][5]
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.3[6]
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 608 kJ/mol[7]
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of californium
Other properties
Natural occurrencesynthetic
Crystal structuredouble hexagonal close-packed (dhcp)
Double hexagonal close packed crystal structure for californium
Mohs hardness3–4[8]
CAS Number7440-71-3[2]
History
Namingafter California, where it was discovered
DiscoveryLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1950)
Main isotopes of californium[9][10]
[[Isotope|IsoTemplate:Shytope]] [[Natural abundance|AbunTemplate:Shydance]] Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode [[Decay product|ProTemplate:Shyduct]]
248Cf syn 333.5 d α (100%) 244Cm
SF (2.9×10−3%)
249Cf syn 351 y α (100%) 245Cm
SF (5.0×10−7%)
250Cf syn 13.08 y α (99.92%) 246Cm
SF (0.08%)
251Cf syn 898 y α 247Cm
252Cf syn 2.645 y α (96.91%) 248Cm
SF (3.09%)
253Cf syn 17.81 d β (99.69%) 253Es
α (0.31%) 249Cm
254Cf syn 60.5 d SF (99.69%)
α (0.31%) 250Cm
Category Category: Californium
| references

[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]

data m.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 900
K 1173 1170 3 delta
F 1652 1650 2 delta Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 900, K: 1173, F: 1652
comment [2]
data b.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 1470
K 1743 1740 3 delta
F 2678 2680 -2 delta Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 1470, K: 1743, F: 2678
comment (estimation)[3]
Bk ←

i'box Bk

iso
98
Cf (E)
→ Es

i'box Es

  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03)
See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}

References

  1. CRC 2006, p. 1.14.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 CRC 2006, p. 4.56.
  3. Joseph Jacob Katz; Glenn Theodore Seaborg; Lester R. Morss (1986). The Chemistry of the actinide elements. Chapman and Hall. p. 1038. ISBN 9780412273704. Retrieved 11 July 2011.
  4. Greenwood & Earnshaw 1997, p. 1265.
  5. Kovács, Attila; Dau, Phuong D.; Marçalo, Joaquim; Gibson, John K. (2018). "Pentavalent Curium, Berkelium, and Californium in Nitrate Complexes: Extending Actinide Chemistry and Oxidation States". Inorg. Chem. American Chemical Society. 57 (15): 9453–9467. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01450. PMID 30040397.
  6. Emsley 1998, p. 50.
  7. CRC 2006, p. 10.204.
  8. CRC 1991, p. 254.
  9. CRC 2006, p. 11.196.
  10. NNDC contributors (2008). Sonzogni, Alejandro A. (Database Manager) (ed.). "Chart of Nuclides". National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Retrieved 1 March 2010.

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