Template:Infobox bismuth

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[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]

Bismuth, 83Bi
Bismuth crystals and 1cm3 cube.jpg
Bismuth
Pronunciation/ˈbɪzməθ/ (Template:Respell)
Appearancelustrous brownish silver
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Bi)Template:Val[1]
Bismuth in the periodic table
Template:Periodic table (32 columns, micro) Sb

Bi

Mc
leadbismuthpolonium
Atomic number (Z)83
Groupgroup 15 (pnictogens)
Periodperiod 6
Block  p-block
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point544.7 K ​(271.5 °C, ​520.7 °F)
Boiling point1837 K ​(1564 °C, ​2847 °F)
Density (near r.t.)9.78 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)10.05 g/cm3
Heat of fusion11.30 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization179 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.52 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 941 1041 1165 1325 1538 1835
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−3, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (a mildly acidic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.02
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 703 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1610 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2466 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 156 pm
Covalent radius148±4 pm
Van der Waals radius207 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of bismuth
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structurerhombohedral[2]
Rhombohedral crystal structure for bismuth
Speed of sound thin rod1790 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion13.4 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity7.97 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity1.29 µΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility−280.1·10−6 cm3/mol[3]
Young's modulus32 GPa
Shear modulus12 GPa
Bulk modulus31 GPa
Poisson ratio0.33
Mohs hardness2.25
Brinell hardness70–95 MPa
CAS Number7440-69-9
History
DiscoveryArabic alchemists (before AD 1000)
Main isotopes of bismuth
[[Isotope|IsoTemplate:Shytope]] [[Natural abundance|AbunTemplate:Shydance]] Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode [[Decay product|ProTemplate:Shyduct]]
207Bi syn 31.55 y β+ 207Pb
208Bi syn 3.68×105 y β+ 208Pb
209Bi 100% 2.01×1019 y α 205Tl
210Bi trace 5.012 d β 210Po
α 206Tl
210mBi syn 3.04×106 y IT 210Bi
α 206Tl
Category Category: Bismuth
| references

[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]

data m.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 271.5
K 544.7 544.6 0.1 delta
F 520.7 520.7 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 1
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 271.5, K: 544.7, F: 520.7
comment
data b.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 1564
K 1837 1837 0
F 2847 2847 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 1564, K: 1837, F: 2847
comment
Pb ←

i'box Pb

iso
83
Bi (E)
→ Po

i'box Po

  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03)
See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}

References

  1. Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  2. Cucka, P.; Barrett, C. S. (1962). "The crystal structure of Bi and of solid solutions of Pb, Sn, Sb and Te in Bi". Acta Crystallographica. 15 (9): 865. doi:10.1107/S0365110X62002297.
  3. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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