Template:Infobox Syrian civil war/sandbox

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Syrian Civil War
Part of the Arab Spring, the Arab Winter and the spillover of the Iraq conflict
Syrian Civil War map.svg
Military situation in January 2019:
     Syrian Arab Republic      Syrian opposition and Turkish occupation      North Syria Federation
     Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant      Tahrir al-Sham[7]
(For a full list of combatants see order of battle)
(For a more detailed version of this map, see Detailed map. For live interactive map, see Syrian Civil War Map.
Date15 March 2011 (2011-03-15) – present
(11 years, 3 months, 2 weeks and 4 days)
Location
Syria (with spillovers in neighboring countries)
Status Ongoing
Territorial
changes
As of 9 January 2019: the Syrian Armed Forces held 62.0% of Syrian territories; SDF-held territory constituted 27.9%; 2.8% was controlled by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, 7.2 % was controlled by rebel groups (including Al-Tanf rebels) and Turkey; and 0.1% was held by ISIL[8][9]
Main belligerents
InfoboxHez.PNG Hezbollah
 Iran
 Russia (from 2015)

 TurkeyTemplate:Ref label (from 2016)


Tahrir al-ShamTemplate:Ref labelTemplate:Ref label


General Security Directorate: 8,000[1]
National Defense Force: 80,000[2]
Ba'ath Brigades: 7,000 Hezbollah: 6,000–8,000[3]
Liwa Al-Quds: 4,000–8,000 Russia: 4,000 troops[4] and 1,000 contractors[5]
Iran: 3,000–5,000[3][6]

Other allied groups: 20,000+
Strength

Syrian Armed Forces: 180,000[10]
General Security Directorate: 8,000[11]
National Defense Force: 80,000[12]
Ba'ath Brigades: 7,000 Hezbollah: 6,000–8,000[3]
Liwa Al-Quds: 4,000–8,000 Russia: 4,000 troops[13] and 1,000 contractors[14]
Iran: 3,000–5,000[3][15]

Other allied groups: 20,000+

Free Syrian Army: 20,000–32,000[16] (2013)
Islamic Front: 40,000–70,000[17][18] (2014)
Other groups: 12,500[19] (2015)
Turkish Armed Forces: 4,000–8,000[20][21]


Ahrar al-Sham: 18,000–20,000+[22][23] (March 2017)


Tahrir al-Sham: 31,000[24]
15,000–20,000 (U.S. claim, late 2016)[25] 1,000 (U.S. claim, late 2017)[26]

SDF: 60,000–75,000 (2017 estimate)[27]

  • YPG and YPJ: 20,000–30,000 (2017 estimate)[28]
  • Syriac Military Council (MFS): 1,000 (2017 estimate)[29]
  • Al-Sanadid Forces: 2,000–4,000 (2017 estimate)[29]
  • SDF Military Councils: 10,000+[30][31][32]

111,330[33]–117,049[34] civilian deaths documented by opposition
100 other foreign soldiers killed
(Lebanon 60, Turkey 17 (pre-'16), Iraq 16, Jordan 7)


Total killed:
367,965–560,000 (December 2018 SOHR estimate)[33]
470,000 (February 2016 SCPR estimate)[35]


Over 7,600,000 internally displaced (July 2015 UNHCR estimate)

Over 5,116,097 refugees (July 2017 registered by UNHCR)[36]

Template:Note label Since early 2013, the FSA has been decentralized with their name being arbitrarily used by various rebels.
Template:Note label Turkey has provided arms support to the rebels since 2011. Since Aug. 2016, Turkey has fought alongside the TFSA in Aleppo governorate against the SDF, ISIL and later the Syrian government.
Template:Note label Sep.–Nov. 2016, the U.S. fought alongside the TFSA in Aleppo governorate solely against ISIL.[37][38] In 2017–18, the U.S. intentionally attacked the Syrian government 10 times, while in Sep. 2016 it accidentally hit a Syrian base, killing over 100 Syrian Army (SAA) soldiers. Syria maintains that this was an intentional attack.[39]
Template:Note label HTS's predecessor (the al-Nusra Front) and ISIL's predecessor (ISI) were allied al-Qaeda branches until April 2013. An ISI-proposed merger of the two into ISIL was rejected by the Al-Nusra Front and al-Qaeda cut all affiliation with ISIL in February 2014.
Template:Note label Syrian Liberation Front and Tahrir al-Sham's predecessor, al-Nusra Front, were allied under the Army of Conquest from March 2015 to January 2017, while later the SLF joined the National Front for Liberation.

Template:Note label Number includes Kurdish and ISIL fighters, whose deaths are also listed in their separate columns.[40][33]

References

  1. "Syria's diminished security forces". Agence France-Presse. 28 August 2013. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  2. ISIS’ Iraq offensive could trigger Hezbollah to fill gap left in Syria The Daily Star, 16 June 2014
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Iran 'Foreign Legion' Leads Battle in Syria's North". The Wall Street Journal. 17 February 2016.
  4. "Russia's Syria force has reportedly grown to 4,000 people". Business Insider.
  5. Grove, Thomas (18 December 2015). "Up to Nine Russian Contractors Die in Syria, Experts Say". Wall Street Journal.
  6. "State-of-the-art technology is giving Assad's army the edge in Syria". 26 February 2016.
  7. (formerly al-Nusra Front)
  8. "Syrian Civil War Map - War Statistics". Syrian Civil War Map. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  9. "Syrian Civil War Map". Twitter. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  10. "Syria military strength". Global Fire Power. 17 October 2015.
  11. "Syria's diminished security forces". Agence France-Presse. 28 August 2013. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  12. ISIS’ Iraq offensive could trigger Hezbollah to fill gap left in Syria The Daily Star, 16 June 2014
  13. "Russia's Syria force has reportedly grown to 4,000 people". Business Insider.
  14. Grove, Thomas (18 December 2015). "Up to Nine Russian Contractors Die in Syria, Experts Say". Wall Street Journal.
  15. "State-of-the-art technology is giving Assad's army the edge in Syria". 26 February 2016.
  16. "Here's The Extremist-To-Moderate Spectrum Of The 100,000 Syrian Rebels". Business Insider.
  17. "Front to Back". Foreign Policy.
  18. Cockburn, Patrick (11 December 2013). "West suspends aid for Islamist rebels in Syria, underlining their disillusionment with those forces opposed to President Bashar al-Assad". The Independent.
  19. Who are these 70,000 Syrian fighters David Cameron is relying on?. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
  20. Şafak, Yeni (5 January 2017). "8 bin asker emir bekliyor". Yeni Şafak.
  21. [1][dead link]
  22. "Is Syria's Idlib being groomed as Islamist killing ground?". Asia Times.
  23. "Al Qaeda Is Starting to Swallow the Syrian Opposition". Foreign Policy. 15 March 2017.
  24. Rida, Nazeer (30 January 2017). "Syria: Surfacing of 'Hai'at Tahrir al-Sham' Threatens Truce". Asharq Al-Awsat.
  25. "Isis ranks dwindle to 15,000 amid 'retreat on all fronts', claims Pentagon". The Guardian. 11 August 2016. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  26. "EXCLUSIVE: ISIS Took The Decision To Withdraw From Deir Ezzor". Qasion News. 28 December 2017. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
  27. Rashid (2018), p. 7.
  28. Rashid (2018), p. 16.
  29. 29.0 29.1 Rashid (2018), p. 53.
  30. "US coalition spokesman: Arabs are leading Manbij campaign, not Kurds". ARA News. 4 June 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
  31. "US-backed fighters close in on IS Syria bastion". Retrieved 6 June 2016.
  32. Rodi Said (25 August 2017). "U.S.-backed forces to attack Syria's Deir al-Zor soon: SDF official". Reuters.
  33. 33.0 33.1 33.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named SOHR
  34. "Violations Documenting Center". Violations Documenting Center. 8 February 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  35. Ian Black (10 February 2016). "Report on Syria conflict finds 11.5% of population killed or injured". The Guardian.
  36. (UNHCR), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. "UNHCR Syria Regional Refugee Response".
  37. Thomas Gibbons-Neff (16 September 2016). "U.S. Special Operations forces begin new role alongside Turkish troops in Syria". The Washington Post. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  38. Andrew Tilghman (16 November 2016). "U.S. halts military support for Turkey's fight in key Islamic State town". Military Times. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  39. Fadel, Leith (27 September 2016). "US Coalition knew they were bombing the Syrian Army in Deir Ezzor".
  40. "More than 215,000 killed in Syria since 2011". 3news.co.nz.
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