Template:Infobox scandium

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[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]

Scandium, 21Sc
Scandium sublimed dendritic and 1cm3 cube.jpg
Scandium
Pronunciation/ˈskændiəm/ (Template:Respell)
Appearancesilvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Sc)Template:Val[1]
Scandium in the periodic table
Template:Periodic table (32 columns, micro)

Sc

Y
calciumscandiumtitanium
Atomic number (Z)21
Groupgroup 3
Periodperiod 4
Block  d-block
Electron configuration[Ar] 3d1 4s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point1814 K ​(1541 °C, ​2806 °F)
Boiling point3109 K ​(2836 °C, ​5136 °F)
Density (near r.t.)2.985 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)2.80 g/cm3
Heat of fusion14.1 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization332.7 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.52 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1645 1804 (2006) (2266) (2613) (3101)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states0,[2] +1,[3] +2,[4] +3 (an amphoteric oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.36
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 633.1 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1235.0 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2388.6 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 162 pm
Covalent radius170±7 pm
Van der Waals radius211 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of scandium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structurehexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for scandium
Thermal expansionα, poly: 10.2 µm/(m·K) (at r.t.)
Thermal conductivity15.8 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivityα, poly: 562 nΩ·m (at r.t., calculated)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility+315.0·10−6 cm3/mol (292 K)[5]
Young's modulus74.4 GPa
Shear modulus29.1 GPa
Bulk modulus56.6 GPa
Poisson ratio0.279
Brinell hardness736–1200 MPa
CAS Number7440-20-2
History
Namingafter Scandinavia
PredictionDmitri Mendeleev (1871)
Discovery and first isolationLars Fredrik Nilson (1879)
Main isotopes of scandium
[[Isotope|IsoTemplate:Shytope]] [[Natural abundance|AbunTemplate:Shydance]] Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode [[Decay product|ProTemplate:Shyduct]]
44m2Sc syn 58.61 h IT 44Sc
γ 44Sc
ε 44Ca
45Sc 100% stable
46Sc syn 83.79 d β 46Ti
γ
47Sc syn 80.38 d β 47Ti
γ
48Sc syn 43.67 h β 48Ti
γ
Category Category: Scandium
| references

[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]

data m.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 1541
K 1814 1814 0
F 2806 2806 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 1541, K: 1814, F: 2806
comment
data b.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 2836
K 3109 3109 0
F 5136 5137 -1 delta Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 2836, K: 3109, F: 5136
comment
Ca ←

i'box Ca

iso
21
Sc (E)
→ Ti

i'box Ti

  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03)
See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}

References

  1. Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  2. F. Geoffrey N. Cloke; Karl Khan; Robin N. Perutz (1991). "η-Arene complexes of scandium(0) and scandium(II)". J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. (19): 1372–1373. doi:10.1039/C39910001372. Unknown parameter |name-list-style= ignored (help)
  3. Smith, R. E. (1973). "Diatomic Hydride and Deuteride Spectra of the Second Row Transition Metals". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 332 (1588): 113–127. Bibcode:1973RSPSA.332..113S. doi:10.1098/rspa.1973.0015. S2CID 96908213.
  4. McGuire, Joseph C.; Kempter, Charles P. (1960). "Preparation and Properties of Scandium Dihydride". Journal of Chemical Physics. 33 (5): 1584–1585. Bibcode:1960JChPh..33.1584M. doi:10.1063/1.1731452.
  5. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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