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Osmium, 76 Os Osmium Pronunciation (Template:Respell ) Appearance silvery, blue cast Standard atomic weight A r, std (Os) Template:Val [1] Osmium in the periodic table
Atomic number (Z ) 76 Group group 8 Period period 6 Block d-block Electron configuration [Xe ] 4f14 5d6 6s2 Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2 Physical properties Phase at STP solid Melting point 3306 K (3033 °C, 5491 °F) Boiling point 5285 K (5012 °C, 9054 °F) Density (near r.t. ) 22.59 g/cm3 when liquid (at m.p. ) 20 g/cm3 Heat of fusion 31 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 378 kJ/mol Molar heat capacity 24.7 J/(mol·K) Vapor pressure
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
3160
3423
3751
4148
4638
5256
Atomic properties Oxidation states −4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 , +5, +6, +7, +8 (a mildly acidic oxide) Electronegativity Pauling scale: 2.2 Ionization energies 1st: 840 kJ/mol 2nd: 1600 kJ/mol Atomic radius empirical: 135 pm Covalent radius 144±4 pm Spectral lines of osmiumOther properties Natural occurrence primordial Crystal structure hexagonal close-packed (hcp) Speed of sound thin rod 4940 m/s (at 20 °C) Thermal expansion 5.1 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) Thermal conductivity 87.6 W/(m·K) Electrical resistivity 81.2 nΩ·m (at 0 °C) Magnetic ordering paramagnetic Magnetic susceptibility 11·10−6 cm3 /mol Shear modulus 222 GPa Bulk modulus 462 GPa Poisson ratio 0.25 Mohs hardness 7.0 Vickers hardness 300 MPa Brinell hardness 293 MPa CAS Number 7440-04-2 History Discovery and first isolationSmithson Tennant (1803)Main isotopes of osmium
Category: Osmium | references
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References
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