Difference between revisions of "Starbucks"

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[[File:Starbucks Logo.png|thumb|150px|Starbucks Logo]]
 
[[File:Starbucks Logo.png|thumb|150px|Starbucks Logo]]
'''Starbucks Corporation''' is an American multinational chain of coffeehouses and roastery reserves headquartered in Seattle, Washington. As the world's largest coffeehouse chain, Starbucks is seen to be the main representation of the United States' second wave of coffee culture.<ref>Sacks, Danielle. [https://www.fastcompany.com/3033306/the-multimillion-dollar-quest-to-brew-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee The Multimillion Dollar Quest To Brew The Perfect Cup Of Coffee], Fast Company, 18 August 2014. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
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'''Starbucks Corporation''', based in Seattle, Washington, is an American international coffeehouse and roastery chain. Starbucks, as the world's biggest coffeehouse chain, is widely regarded as the face of America's second wave of coffee culture.<ref>Sacks, Danielle. [https://www.fastcompany.com/3033306/the-multimillion-dollar-quest-to-brew-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee The Multimillion Dollar Quest To Brew The Perfect Cup Of Coffee], Fast Company, 18 August 2014. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
  
 
==History==
 
==History==
 
[[File:Starbucks Seattle 1912 pike store.jpg|thumb|Starbucks 1912 Pike Place, Seattle, USA (September 28, 2015)]]
 
[[File:Starbucks Seattle 1912 pike store.jpg|thumb|Starbucks 1912 Pike Place, Seattle, USA (September 28, 2015)]]
The first Starbucks opened in 1971. Back then, the company was a single store in Seattle’s historic Pike Place Market. From just a narrow storefront, Starbucks offered some of the world’s finest fresh-roasted whole bean coffees. The name, inspired by Moby Dick, evoked the romance of the high seas and the seafaring tradition of the early coffee traders. In 1981, Howard Schultz (Starbucks chairman and chief executive officer) had first walked into a Starbucks store. From his first cup of Sumatra, Howard was drawn into Starbucks and joined a year later. In 1983, Howard traveled to Italy and became captivated with Italian coffee bars and the romance of the coffee experience. He had a vision to bring the Italian coffeehouse tradition back to the United States. A place for conversation and a sense of community. A third place between work and home. He left Starbucks for a short period of time to start his own Il Giornale coffeehouses and returned in August 1987 to purchase Starbucks with the help of local investors.<ref>[https://www.starbucks.com/about-us/company-information Company Information], Starbucks. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref> Now Starbucks operating with total 30,000 stores across 80 markets (as of June 30, 2019).<ref>[https://www.starbucks.com/about-us/company-information/starbucks-company-profile Starbucks Company Profile], Starbucks. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
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Starbucks first opened its doors in 1971. The firm had just one store at the time, in Seattle's historic Pike Place Market. Starbucks served some of the world's best fresh-roasted whole bean coffees from a small boutique. The name was influenced by Moby Dick and evoked the romance of the high seas as well as the early coffee traders' seafaring culture. Howard Schultz (Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Starbucks) first walked into a Starbucks store in 1981. Howard was attracted to Starbucks by his first cup of Sumatra and entered a year later. Howard toured Italy in 1983 and became enamored of Italian coffee shops and the romance of the coffee experience. He had a dream of reintroducing the Italian coffeehouse culture to America. A gathering spot for chat and camaraderie. Between work and house, there is a third choice. He briefly quit Starbucks to open his own Il Giornale coffeehouses, then returned in August 1987 to buy the company with the help of local investors.<ref>[https://www.starbucks.com/about-us/company-information Company Information], Starbucks. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref> Now Starbucks operating across 80 markets with total 30,000 stores (as of June 30, 2019).<ref>[https://www.starbucks.com/about-us/company-information/starbucks-company-profile Starbucks Company Profile], Starbucks. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
  
 
[[File:African American men arrested in Starbucks Philadelphia.png|250px|thumb|Captured from social media video shown 2 African American men arrested at Starbucks Philadelphia]]
 
[[File:African American men arrested in Starbucks Philadelphia.png|250px|thumb|Captured from social media video shown 2 African American men arrested at Starbucks Philadelphia]]
 
[[File:Rashon Nelson and Donte Robinson.jpg|thumb|Rashon Nelson, left, listens as and Donte Robinson, right, addresses a reporter’s question during an interview with the Associated Press in Philadelphia. Photograph: Jacqueline Larma/AP]]
 
[[File:Rashon Nelson and Donte Robinson.jpg|thumb|Rashon Nelson, left, listens as and Donte Robinson, right, addresses a reporter’s question during an interview with the Associated Press in Philadelphia. Photograph: Jacqueline Larma/AP]]
 
==Racist Incident at Philadelphia==
 
==Racist Incident at Philadelphia==
On April 12, 2018, two African American entrepreneurs had scheduled a business meeting at a Starbucks in Philadelphia's Rittenhouse Square neighborhood. They sat without ordering, waiting for a local businessman to show up for the meeting. The store manager called 911 on them, despite the fact that they were behaving neither violently nor disruptively. When the police arrived soon after the call, they arrested the young men.<ref>[https://store.hbr.org/product/starbucks-reaffirming-commitment-to-the-third-place-ideal/920016?sku=920016-PDF-ENG Starbucks: Reaffirming Commitment to the Third Place Ideal], Harvard Business School, November 25, 2019. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
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On April 12, 2018, two African American entrepreneurs convened at a Starbucks in Philadelphia's Rittenhouse Square neighborhood for a business lunch. They sat without eating as they expected a local businessman to come for the conference. Despite the fact that they were not being abusive or offensive, the shop manager called 911 on them. When the cops came shortly after the call was made and they arrested the young men.<ref>[https://store.hbr.org/product/starbucks-reaffirming-commitment-to-the-third-place-ideal/920016?sku=920016-PDF-ENG Starbucks: Reaffirming Commitment to the Third Place Ideal], Harvard Business School, November 25, 2019. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
  
This incident recorded by young woman Melissa DePino who also sit inside Starbucks, Melissa DePino testified herself that on the other day she sat for hours without being asked to order anything or leave. She testified that this 2 men didn't do anything suspicious and didn't disrupt anything in particular. The store manager asked them to leave but since they still wait for another guy to come to do their business meeting the men refused to leave. Later the store manager called 911 on them with trespassing complaint.
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Melissa DePino, a young woman who also sits inside Starbucks, reported this incident. Melissa DePino testified that the other day she stayed for hours without being asked to buy something or leave. She testified that the two men did nothing illegal and did not cause any disruptions. The store manager ordered them to go, but they declined because they were already waiting for another man to appear for their business meeting. Then, the store manager called 911 to report them for trespassing.
  
The 2 men arrested by police later and handcuffed. As shown in the [https://twitter.com/missydepino/status/984539713016094721 video] there is no resistance from this 2 men during the incident, clearly did not resist arrest. Both men were later released and the charges they were facing -- trespassing and disturbance -- were dropped later at night. Philadelphia District Attorney Larry Krasner also refused to prosecute after Starbucks asked to not press charges. Philadelphia Mayor Jim Kenney slammed Starbucks for the incident, saying it "appears to exemplify what racial discrimination looks like in 2018." <ref>Hutchinson, Bill. [https://abcnews.go.com/Business/starbucks-ceo-kevin-johnson-orders-unconscious-bias-training/story?id=54496139 Starbucks manager who made call resulting in black men's arrests no longer works for company], ABC News, 17 April 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
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The two men were then apprehended and handcuffed by officers. As seen in the footage, these two men displayed no resistance during the incident, suggesting that they did not resist arrest. Both men were eventually released, and the charges against them — trespassing and disturbing the peace — were dropped later that evening. Since Starbucks asked not to file charges, Philadelphia District Attorney Larry Krasner declined to sue. Starbucks was chastised by Philadelphia Mayor Jim Kenney, who said the incident "appears to exemplify what racial injustice feels like in 2018." <ref>Hutchinson, Bill. [https://abcnews.go.com/Business/starbucks-ceo-kevin-johnson-orders-unconscious-bias-training/story?id=54496139 Starbucks manager who made call resulting in black men's arrests no longer works for company], ABC News, 17 April 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
  
Reggie Shuford, executive director of the ACLU (''American Civil Liberties Union'') of Pennsylvania, also condemned the incident, saying in a statement today that "it shows that black people can't even 'wait while black.'" "Starbucks failed these men and all of its customers by treating them in this unfair and demeaning way," Shuford said. "Based on all eyewitness accounts, there was no need for police intervention. These men were terribly disrespected by Starbucks employees." <ref>Hutchinson, Bill. [https://abcnews.go.com/Business/starbucks-ceo-kevin-johnson-orders-unconscious-bias-training/story?id=54496139 Starbucks manager who made call resulting in black men's arrests no longer works for company], ABC News, 17 April 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
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The event was also criticized by Reggie Shuford, executive director of the ACLU (''American Civil Liberties Union'') of Pennsylvania, who said in a statement today that "it shows that black people can't even 'wait until black.'" "By handling these men and all of its customers in this unjust and demeaning manner, Starbucks has disappointed these men and all of its customers," Shuford said. "There was no need for police action, according to all eyewitness reports. Starbucks workers treated these men with contempt." <ref>Hutchinson, Bill. [https://abcnews.go.com/Business/starbucks-ceo-kevin-johnson-orders-unconscious-bias-training/story?id=54496139 Starbucks manager who made call resulting in black men's arrests no longer works for company], ABC News, 17 April 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
  
 
[[File:Starbucks Protest at Philadelphia 2018 2.jpg|thumb|Protesters inside the Starbucks in Philadelphia. Photograph: Jacqueline Larma/AP]]
 
[[File:Starbucks Protest at Philadelphia 2018 2.jpg|thumb|Protesters inside the Starbucks in Philadelphia. Photograph: Jacqueline Larma/AP]]
 
[[File:Starbucks Protest at Philadelphia 2018.jpg|thumb|Starbucks Protest at Philadelphia 2018. Photo: Agence France-Presse]]
 
[[File:Starbucks Protest at Philadelphia 2018.jpg|thumb|Starbucks Protest at Philadelphia 2018. Photo: Agence France-Presse]]
 
==The Protests and #BoycottStarbucks==
 
==The Protests and #BoycottStarbucks==
This racist incident ignites emotions and protests from public. The protesters rallied Sunday at a downtown Philadelphia Starbucks, protesters later held a sit-in inside the Starbucks shop. "We don't want this Starbucks to make any money today. That's our goal," Abdul-Aliy Muhammad, one of the protest's organizers and co-founder of the Black and Brown Workers Collective, told The Associated Press. The demonstrators had demanded Starbucks fire the manager of the store. Later the store manager leave Starbucks in mutual.
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This racist incident has sparked mass outrage and demonstrations. Protesters met at a downtown Philadelphia Starbucks on Sunday, and then organized a sit-in inside the store. "Today, we don't want Starbucks to make more profits. That is our objective "The Associated Press spoke with Abdul-Aliy Muhammad, one of the protest's organisers and co-founder of the Black and Brown Workers Collective. The protesters had requested that Starbucks fire the store's manager. Later, the store manager resigned from Starbucks.
  
Not enough with the local protest people online also put a hashtag on social media #BoycottStarbucks by shopping from another coffee joint or shop from black-owned cafe. The incident also leads comedian Kevin Hart speak up and tweet, "Let's make one thing very clear....This is not a boycott @Starbucks situation....This is horrible management. The manager on duty was wrong. It's that simple...That's who needs to take responsibility for this wrong doing."<ref>[https://twitter.com/KevinHart4real/status/985556234387578881 Kevin Hart official twitter]</ref>
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Not satisfied with the local protests, internet users created the hashtag #BoycottStarbucks and encouraged people to shop at other coffee shops or at black-owned cafes. "Let's make one thing really clear....This is not a boycott @Starbucks case," Kevin Hart tweeted in reaction to the incident. This is terrible management. The on-duty manager was wrong. It's that simple...That's who needs to take responsibility for this wrong doing."<ref>[https://twitter.com/KevinHart4real/status/985556234387578881 Kevin Hart official twitter]</ref>
  
 
==Apology==
 
==Apology==
The day after the incident at Starbucks Philadelphia, Starbucks made an apology through their [https://twitter.com/Starbucks/status/985200942030012416 Twitter] and also made an official press release on their website.
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Starbucks apologized on [https://twitter.com/Starbucks/status/985200942030012416 Twitter] the day after the incident at Starbucks Philadelphia and issued an official press release on their website.
  
"First, to once again express our deepest apologies to the two men who were arrested with a goal of doing whatever we can to make things right. Second, to let you know of our plans to investigate the pertinent facts and make any necessary changes to our practices that would help prevent such an occurrence from ever happening again. And third, to reassure you that Starbucks stands firmly against discrimination or racial profiling." said Kevin Johnson CEO Starbucks on official [https://stories.starbucks.com/press/2018/starbucks-ceo-reprehensible-outcome-in-philadelphia-incident/ press release]
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"First and foremost, we want to offer our heartfelt condolences to the two men who were arrested, and we want to do whatever we can to make it right. Second, we want to inform you of our efforts to look at the relevant details and make the possible updates to our procedures to help deter this from happening again. Third, I want to tell you that Starbucks is opposed to discrimination and racial profiling." Starbucks CEO Kevin Johnson said in an official [https://stories.starbucks.com/press/2018/starbucks-ceo-reprehensible-outcome-in-philadelphia-incident/ press release]
  
Starbucks also admitting that calling the police on the 2 men was wrong and the incident is not reflects Starbucks Mission and Values. "The video shot by customers is very hard to watch and the actions in it are not representative of our Starbucks Mission and Values. Creating an environment that is both safe and welcoming for everyone is paramount for every store. Regretfully, our practices and training led to a bad outcome—the basis for the call to the Philadelphia police department was wrong.", add Kevin Johnson in his statement.
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Starbucks has acknowledged that calling the cops on the two men was inappropriate, and that the incident should not represent the company's mission and values. "Customers' video is difficult to watch, and the acts shown in it are not reflective of Starbucks' mission and values. Every shop must aim to build a healthy and friendly atmosphere for all customers. Unfortunately, our procedures and preparation resulted in a negative result: the basis for the call to the Philadelphia police department was incorrect ", add Kevin Johnson in his statement.
  
 
Kevin Johnson also make a promise will learn from this and be better and conduct training for all employees.
 
Kevin Johnson also make a promise will learn from this and be better and conduct training for all employees.
  
 
==Starbucks' Racial Bias Training==
 
==Starbucks' Racial Bias Training==
As result of racist incident in Philadelphia, Starbucks closed more than 8,000 stores on Tuesday, May 29 2018 to train around 175,000 employees against racial bias, an unprecedented public operation that highlights America's ongoing struggle with discrimination.
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Starbucks closed more than 8,000 outlets on Tuesday, May 29 2018 to train about 175,000 employees against racial profiling as a result of a violent incident in Philadelphia, an extraordinary public operation that highlights America's continuing battle with bigotry.
  
 
"This was a foundational step in renewing Starbucks as a place where ALL people feel welcome. Starbucks partners shared life experiences, heard from others, listened to experts on bias and racial anxiety, reflecting on the realities of bias in our society and talking about how all of us can work together to create public spaces where everyone feels like they belong.", written as an opening for Starbucks Racial Bias Training<ref>[https://stories.starbucks.com/stories/2018/thethirdplace/ The Third Place: Our Commitment, Renewed], Starbucks, 30 May 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
 
"This was a foundational step in renewing Starbucks as a place where ALL people feel welcome. Starbucks partners shared life experiences, heard from others, listened to experts on bias and racial anxiety, reflecting on the realities of bias in our society and talking about how all of us can work together to create public spaces where everyone feels like they belong.", written as an opening for Starbucks Racial Bias Training<ref>[https://stories.starbucks.com/stories/2018/thethirdplace/ The Third Place: Our Commitment, Renewed], Starbucks, 30 May 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
  
More than 175,000 Starbucks employees participated in the mandatory racial bias education program May 29, 2018 at thousands of U.S.-based locations as part of an initiative spurred by the incident in Philadelphia. Gathered around a few iPads, Starbucks employees watched nearly two dozen videos featuring the rapper Common, documentary filmmaker Stanley Nelson, Starbucks executives and other prominent figures, while participating in wide-ranging discussions about race and identity with their colleagues. The curriculum, placed an emphasis on encouraging some employees to become “color brave” instead of “color blind” and meditated on the Starbucks’ responsibility as the “third place” for some members of the community, akin to a home and workplace.<ref> Calfas, Jennifer. [https://time.com/5294343/starbucks-employees-racial-bias-training/ Was Starbucks' Racial Bias Training Effective? Here's What These Employees Thought], Time, 30 May 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
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More than 175,000 Starbucks workers took part in a mandatory racial bias outreach campaign on May 29, 2018 at thousands of outlets around the United States, as part of an effort sparked by the Philadelphia event. Starbucks employees gathered around a few iPads to watch nearly two dozen videos featuring Common, documentary filmmaker Stanley Nelson, Starbucks executives and other prominent figures, while engaged in a wide-ranging conversation on race and identity with their peers. Starbucks' position as a "third place" for some members of the society, akin to a home and office, was stressed in the curriculum, with a focus on inspiring some workers to become "color brave" rather than "color blind."<ref> Calfas, Jennifer. [https://time.com/5294343/starbucks-employees-racial-bias-training/ Was Starbucks' Racial Bias Training Effective? Here's What These Employees Thought], Time, 30 May 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2020.</ref>
  
 
==External Link==
 
==External Link==

Revision as of 14:19, 14 March 2021

Starbucks Logo

Starbucks Corporation, based in Seattle, Washington, is an American international coffeehouse and roastery chain. Starbucks, as the world's biggest coffeehouse chain, is widely regarded as the face of America's second wave of coffee culture.[1]

History

Starbucks 1912 Pike Place, Seattle, USA (September 28, 2015)

Starbucks first opened its doors in 1971. The firm had just one store at the time, in Seattle's historic Pike Place Market. Starbucks served some of the world's best fresh-roasted whole bean coffees from a small boutique. The name was influenced by Moby Dick and evoked the romance of the high seas as well as the early coffee traders' seafaring culture. Howard Schultz (Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Starbucks) first walked into a Starbucks store in 1981. Howard was attracted to Starbucks by his first cup of Sumatra and entered a year later. Howard toured Italy in 1983 and became enamored of Italian coffee shops and the romance of the coffee experience. He had a dream of reintroducing the Italian coffeehouse culture to America. A gathering spot for chat and camaraderie. Between work and house, there is a third choice. He briefly quit Starbucks to open his own Il Giornale coffeehouses, then returned in August 1987 to buy the company with the help of local investors.[2] Now Starbucks operating across 80 markets with total 30,000 stores (as of June 30, 2019).[3]

Captured from social media video shown 2 African American men arrested at Starbucks Philadelphia
Rashon Nelson, left, listens as and Donte Robinson, right, addresses a reporter’s question during an interview with the Associated Press in Philadelphia. Photograph: Jacqueline Larma/AP

Racist Incident at Philadelphia

On April 12, 2018, two African American entrepreneurs convened at a Starbucks in Philadelphia's Rittenhouse Square neighborhood for a business lunch. They sat without eating as they expected a local businessman to come for the conference. Despite the fact that they were not being abusive or offensive, the shop manager called 911 on them. When the cops came shortly after the call was made and they arrested the young men.[4]

Melissa DePino, a young woman who also sits inside Starbucks, reported this incident. Melissa DePino testified that the other day she stayed for hours without being asked to buy something or leave. She testified that the two men did nothing illegal and did not cause any disruptions. The store manager ordered them to go, but they declined because they were already waiting for another man to appear for their business meeting. Then, the store manager called 911 to report them for trespassing.

The two men were then apprehended and handcuffed by officers. As seen in the footage, these two men displayed no resistance during the incident, suggesting that they did not resist arrest. Both men were eventually released, and the charges against them — trespassing and disturbing the peace — were dropped later that evening. Since Starbucks asked not to file charges, Philadelphia District Attorney Larry Krasner declined to sue. Starbucks was chastised by Philadelphia Mayor Jim Kenney, who said the incident "appears to exemplify what racial injustice feels like in 2018." [5]

The event was also criticized by Reggie Shuford, executive director of the ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union) of Pennsylvania, who said in a statement today that "it shows that black people can't even 'wait until black.'" "By handling these men and all of its customers in this unjust and demeaning manner, Starbucks has disappointed these men and all of its customers," Shuford said. "There was no need for police action, according to all eyewitness reports. Starbucks workers treated these men with contempt." [6]

Protesters inside the Starbucks in Philadelphia. Photograph: Jacqueline Larma/AP
Starbucks Protest at Philadelphia 2018. Photo: Agence France-Presse

The Protests and #BoycottStarbucks

This racist incident has sparked mass outrage and demonstrations. Protesters met at a downtown Philadelphia Starbucks on Sunday, and then organized a sit-in inside the store. "Today, we don't want Starbucks to make more profits. That is our objective "The Associated Press spoke with Abdul-Aliy Muhammad, one of the protest's organisers and co-founder of the Black and Brown Workers Collective. The protesters had requested that Starbucks fire the store's manager. Later, the store manager resigned from Starbucks.

Not satisfied with the local protests, internet users created the hashtag #BoycottStarbucks and encouraged people to shop at other coffee shops or at black-owned cafes. "Let's make one thing really clear....This is not a boycott @Starbucks case," Kevin Hart tweeted in reaction to the incident. This is terrible management. The on-duty manager was wrong. It's that simple...That's who needs to take responsibility for this wrong doing."[7]

Apology

Starbucks apologized on Twitter the day after the incident at Starbucks Philadelphia and issued an official press release on their website.

"First and foremost, we want to offer our heartfelt condolences to the two men who were arrested, and we want to do whatever we can to make it right. Second, we want to inform you of our efforts to look at the relevant details and make the possible updates to our procedures to help deter this from happening again. Third, I want to tell you that Starbucks is opposed to discrimination and racial profiling." Starbucks CEO Kevin Johnson said in an official press release

Starbucks has acknowledged that calling the cops on the two men was inappropriate, and that the incident should not represent the company's mission and values. "Customers' video is difficult to watch, and the acts shown in it are not reflective of Starbucks' mission and values. Every shop must aim to build a healthy and friendly atmosphere for all customers. Unfortunately, our procedures and preparation resulted in a negative result: the basis for the call to the Philadelphia police department was incorrect ", add Kevin Johnson in his statement.

Kevin Johnson also make a promise will learn from this and be better and conduct training for all employees.

Starbucks' Racial Bias Training

Starbucks closed more than 8,000 outlets on Tuesday, May 29 2018 to train about 175,000 employees against racial profiling as a result of a violent incident in Philadelphia, an extraordinary public operation that highlights America's continuing battle with bigotry.

"This was a foundational step in renewing Starbucks as a place where ALL people feel welcome. Starbucks partners shared life experiences, heard from others, listened to experts on bias and racial anxiety, reflecting on the realities of bias in our society and talking about how all of us can work together to create public spaces where everyone feels like they belong.", written as an opening for Starbucks Racial Bias Training[8]

More than 175,000 Starbucks workers took part in a mandatory racial bias outreach campaign on May 29, 2018 at thousands of outlets around the United States, as part of an effort sparked by the Philadelphia event. Starbucks employees gathered around a few iPads to watch nearly two dozen videos featuring Common, documentary filmmaker Stanley Nelson, Starbucks executives and other prominent figures, while engaged in a wide-ranging conversation on race and identity with their peers. Starbucks' position as a "third place" for some members of the society, akin to a home and office, was stressed in the curriculum, with a focus on inspiring some workers to become "color brave" rather than "color blind."[9]

External Link

Original video from Melissa DePino Twitter, April 13, 2018.
Watch Starbucks' CEO Kevin Johnson interview with ABC News
Rashon Nelson and Donte Robinson interview after the incident at The Guardian
Starbucks Official Statement, Starbucks ceo: Reprehensible outcome in Philadelphia incident
Starbucks Press Release for Racial Bias Training
Starbucks Full Curriculum for Racial Bias Training

References

  1. Sacks, Danielle. The Multimillion Dollar Quest To Brew The Perfect Cup Of Coffee, Fast Company, 18 August 2014. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
  2. Company Information, Starbucks. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
  3. Starbucks Company Profile, Starbucks. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
  4. Starbucks: Reaffirming Commitment to the Third Place Ideal, Harvard Business School, November 25, 2019. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
  5. Hutchinson, Bill. Starbucks manager who made call resulting in black men's arrests no longer works for company, ABC News, 17 April 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
  6. Hutchinson, Bill. Starbucks manager who made call resulting in black men's arrests no longer works for company, ABC News, 17 April 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
  7. Kevin Hart official twitter
  8. The Third Place: Our Commitment, Renewed, Starbucks, 30 May 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2020.
  9. Calfas, Jennifer. Was Starbucks' Racial Bias Training Effective? Here's What These Employees Thought, Time, 30 May 2018. Retrieved December 30, 2020.